Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)

What is ICSI?

Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) is a fertility treatment that involves injecting a single sperm cell directly into an egg to achieve fertilization. In traditional In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), the eggs and sperm cells are combined in a laboratory dish, and fertilization occurs naturally. However, in ICSI, an embryologist selects the best quality sperm cell and injects it directly into the egg. This method is particularly useful in cases of male infertility or when fertilization using traditional IVF methods is impossible.

ICSI is often recommended for couples or individuals with:

• Low sperm count or poor sperm motility
• Abnormal sperm morphology
• Previous failed IVF cycles
• Difficulty in fertilizing eggs during previous IVF attempts

How does ICSI Work?

The ICSI process involves several steps, including:

• Ovarian Stimulation

The first step in the ICSI process is ovarian stimulation, where medications are given to stimulate the woman’s ovaries and increase the number of mature eggs produced.

• Egg Retrieval

After 10–12 days of ovarian stimulation, the eggs are retrieved from the ovaries using a needle under ultrasound guidance. The eggs are then identified and placed in a dish of nutrient-rich culture media.

• Sperm Retrieval and Preparation

Sperm cells are collected from the male partner or a sperm donor. The sperm cells are then washed and prepared in the laboratory.

• Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection

Using a thin glass needle, a single healthy sperm cell is picked up and then injected directly into an egg. After fertilization, the embryo is monitored for several days before it is transferred into the woman’s uterus.

Benefits of ICSI

ICSI offers several benefits, including:

• High success rate: ICSI has a high fertilization rate, with almost 70-80% of eggs being fertilized in most cases.
• Suitable for male infertility: ICSI offers hope for individuals with male infertility issues, such as low sperm count, poor sperm motility or abnormal sperm morphology.
• Overcoming previous IVF failures: ICSI is also useful for couples who have been unsuccessful in previous rounds of in vitro fertilization.
• Reduced risk of genetic abnormalities: ICSI helps reduce the risk of genetic abnormalities in the embryo, such as chromosome abnormalities or single gene disorders.
• Flexible use of donor sperm or banked embryos: ICSI allows patients to use donor sperm or banked embryos to fulfill their dream of parenthood.

Eligibility for ICSI

The suitability for ICSI is determined after a thorough medical evaluation of both partners. During the initial consultation, the IVF specialist will perform a complete medical examination and recommend the most appropriate treatment plan based on the patient’s unique needs.

If you suffer from fertility issues and want to learn more about ICSI, please schedule a consultation with Dr. Supriya Puranik. She provides comprehensive fertility care, including ICSI, and will guide you through every step of the process.

Risks of ICSI Treatment

ICSI is a specialised assisted reproductive technique commonly used to treat male infertility and enhance fertilisation. Like any medical procedure, ICSI comes with certain risks and considerations. Some potential risks of ICSI treatment are:

• Multiple Pregnancy: One of the primary risks associated with fertility treatments, including ICSI, is the potential for multiple pregnancies. Using multiple embryos to increase the chances of success can lead to the development of twins, triplets, or more. Multiple pregnancies carry higher risks for both the mother and the babies, including premature birth, low birth weight, and complications.
• Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS): The use of fertility medications to stimulate the ovaries can sometimes lead to OHSS, a condition where the ovaries become swollen & painful. Severe cases can cause fluid buildup in the abdomen & chest, resulting in discomfort and breathing difficulties.
• Ectopic Pregnancy: There is a slightly elevated risk of ectopic pregnancy with fertility treatments, including ICSI. Ectopic pregnancy occurs when the fertilised embryo implants outside the uterus, usually in the fallopian tube. This can require immediate medical attention. Read More: Understanding Ectopic Pregnancy: A Deeper Dive
• Birth Defects: Some studies suggest a slightly increased risk of birth defects in babies conceived through assisted reproductive technologies, including ICSI. However, it’s important to note that the absolute risk remains low, and the cause of any potential increase in birth defects is still under investigation.
• Genetic and Chromosomal Abnormalities: There is a possibility that certain genetic or chromosomal abnormalities could be passed on to the offspring, particularly if there are existing issues with the sperm or the eggs.
• Failed Fertilisation: Despite the meticulous nature of ICSI, there is a chance that some eggs may not fertilise successfully after injection. This can be due to various factors, including the quality of the sperm or eggs.
• Emotional and Psychological Impact: Fertility treatments can be emotionally and psychologically demanding. The stress, anxiety, and disappointment associated with the treatment process can have an impact on the overall well-being of individuals and couples.
• Financial Burden: Fertility treatments, including ICSI, can be costly, and there is no guaranteed outcome. The financial burden of multiple treatment cycles can add stress to couples seeking fertility solutions.

It’s important to note that the likelihood of experiencing these risks varies from person to person and depends on individual circumstances. Fertility specialists will thoroughly assess each couple’s medical history and situation before recommending ICSI or any other treatment.

Get in Touch:

Dr. Supriya Puranik, a leading IVF specialist in Pune, India, provides comprehensive fertility care, including ICSI. She has over 20 years of experience in offering personalized treatment plans to meet the unique needs of her patients. If you’re facing fertility challenges, schedule a consultation with Dr. Puranik to explore the benefits of ICSI and other fertility options.

About Doctor

Dr. Supriya Puranik

Gynaecologist & IVF Specialist

Often known as the last glimmer of hope for people who have lost all hope for conceiving a child, Dr. Supriya Puranik is a leading gynaecologist, high-risk obstetrician and Head of IVF & Gynaecology department at Ankura Hospital, Pune

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