Ectopic pregnancies, where the fertilised egg implants outside the uterus, can be a physically and emotionally challenging experience.

While they’re relatively rare, anyone who’s at risk wants to know if there’s a way to prevent them. The good news is that there are natural measures and lifestyle habits that can help lower your risk.

This blog provides in-depth information on managing risk factors and maintaining healthy reproductive systems to reduce the chances of an ectopic pregnancy.

We’ll also share actionable tips and expert-approved strategies to empower you.

Before jumping into prevention, it’s essential to understand what an ectopic pregnancy is.

Rather than implanting in the uterus, the fertilised egg attaches somewhere else, like the fallopian tube (the most common spot), or in rare cases, the ovary, cervix, or abdominal cavity.

Ectopic pregnancies are not viable and can cause serious health risks, such as internal bleeding, if not detected early. Spotting the signs and taking preventative action is key to minimising such risks.

Certain factors can increase the likelihood of an ectopic pregnancy. Here are some groups that may be at greater risk:

• Women with Fallopian Tube Damage: Previous surgeries, infections, or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) may cause scarring in the tubes, making it harder for the egg to reach the uterus.
• Previous Ectopic Pregnancies: If you’ve experienced one ectopic pregnancy, the chances of another one rise.
• Use of Fertility Treatments: Assisted reproductive techniques like in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) can sometimes increase the likelihood of an ectopic pregnancy.
• Smoking: Smoking damages the reproductive organs and increases the risk for tubal issues.
• Age: Women aged 35 and older face a slightly higher chance of ectopic pregnancies.

Even though some risk factors, such as age or reproductive history, can’t be controlled, there are natural strategies you can follow to reduce your risk.

Preventing ectopic pregnancies involves maintaining overall reproductive health, avoiding harmful habits, and addressing potential risks ahead of time.

These steps can enhance your fertility while lowering chances of complications.

1. Maintain Optimal Reproductive Health

Nurturing your reproductive system is one of the most effective ways to avoid complications like ectopic pregnancy. Regular check-ups and simple practices can keep your body in good condition.

• Regular Gynaecological Visits: Routine exams help detect any underlying issues like infections or abnormalities before they become severe.
• Keep an Eye on Hormones: Balanced hormones play a crucial role in healthy pregnancies. If you notice irregular periods or symptoms of hormonal imbalance, consult a healthcare provider.
• Healthy Hygiene Practices: Avoid using harsh products like douches, which can disrupt the natural balance of your reproductive system.

2. Avoid Smoking

Smoking is one of the leading preventable risk factors for ectopic pregnancy. It’s not just bad for your lungs; cigarette chemicals can damage the fallopian tubes and reduce their ability to transport the fertilised egg to the uterus.

If quitting feels overwhelming, seek help through support groups, counselling, or nicotine replacement therapies.

Reducing or quitting entirely can have a profound impact on preventing reproductive health complications.

3. Stay Active and Eat a Balanced Diet

Your overall health is connected to your reproductive health. Adopting a healthy lifestyle helps regulate your body, reducing the risk of complications, including ectopic pregnancy.

• Exercise Regularly: Moderate activity boosts blood flow to your reproductive system and keeps your hormones balanced. Aim for 30 minutes of exercise, 4-5 times a week.
• Nourish Your Body: Include foods rich in Vitamins B6, E, and folic acid. Leafy greens, nuts, whole grains, and lean proteins can support your reproductive health effectively.
• Maintain a Healthy Weight: Obesity or being underweight can disrupt hormonal balance, increasing the likelihood of ectopic pregnancy. Consult with your doctor about achieving a healthy BMI.

4. Treat and Prevent Pelvic Infections

Pelvic infections, particularly pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), often lead to scarring in the fallopian tubes, increasing the risk of ectopic pregnancy. Timely treatment can prevent long-term damage.

• Practice Safe Sex: Using condoms and limiting your number of sexual partners reduces the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which are a common cause of PID.
• Seek Early Treatment for Symptoms of Infection: Signs like pain, fever, or abnormal discharge should never be ignored. Early intervention can prevent the infection from spreading and damaging your reproductive organs.

5. Address Endometriosis and Other Conditions

Conditions like endometriosis and fibroids can distort the reproductive anatomy, making normal implantation more challenging.

• If you’re diagnosed with endometriosis or other issues, consult a reproductive health specialist early. Minimally invasive treatments or surgical options are often effective.

6. Plan Your Pregnancy Wisely

If you’re planning for a baby, knowing when to seek medical advice can help you prepare your body for pregnancy safely.

• Wait After Tubal Surgeries: If you’ve recently had surgery involving the fallopian tubes, wait for your doctor’s approval before trying to conceive.
• Monitor Reproductive Cycles: Knowing your ovulation and cycle patterns helps ensure that your reproductive system is functioning well.

7. Early Detection Saving Lives

While it’s important to focus on prevention, early detection of an ectopic pregnancy is equally critical. Knowing the signs and acting immediately can prevent complications and save lives.

Symptoms include irregular bleeding, sharp abdominal pain, and dizziness. If you notice any of these, seek help without delay.

8. Build a Strong Relationship with Your Doctor

Proactive care and open communication are your first lines of defence. Share your medical history, previous pregnancy issues, and any underlying risk factors with your healthcare provider. Together, you can work out a plan that supports a healthy pregnancy.

Dr. Supriya Puranik, a leading gynaecologist, shares insight from her years of experience.

“I had a patient, Aalia, who came to me after multiple miscarriages due to ectopic pregnancies.

She was devastated and unsure if she’d be able to carry a pregnancy to term. By creating a tailored plan—including improving her lifestyle, addressing scarred fallopian tubes, and practicing early monitoring—we helped her have a healthy, full-term pregnancy within two years.

That moment was as much a relief for her as it was for me. It’s incredible what awareness and care can do.”

While some risk factors for ectopic pregnancy are beyond control, adopting a proactive lifestyle and addressing warning signs early can significantly reduce the chances.

Simple, natural strategies like maintaining good reproductive health, avoiding smoking, staying fit, and practising safe sex collectively work as powerful preventatives.

Remember, you don’t have to face uncertainties about your reproductive health alone. Working alongside your doctor and making healthy choices can make all the difference on your path to a safe and happy pregnancy.

If you have concerns or questions about your reproductive health, don’t hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider.

Every small step you take towards prevention is a giant leap towards a healthy and joyful pregnancy.

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• About Author

  Dr. Supriya Puranik

  Gynaecologist & IVF Specialist
  
  MMC -072514 (1993)

Dr. Supriya Puranik, a renowned gynaecologist and infertility expert, leads the IVF & Gynaecology department at Sahyadri Hospitals Momstory in Shivaji Nagar, Pune. She is committed to helping couples overcome infertility challenges.