Why High-Risk Pregnancies Are a Growing Concern in India?
Pregnancy is an exciting and life-changing phase for families. But sometimes, it can come with complications that make things more risky for the mother, the baby, or both.
These are called “high-risk pregnancies.” Lately, we’re seeing more of these cases in India, and it’s important to understand why.
What causes these risks? What challenges do families face? And what can be done to make pregnancies safer? Let’s break it down in simple terms.
What Is a High-Risk Pregnancy?
A high-risk pregnancy happens when certain health problems increase the chances of complications for the mother, baby, or both. These pregnancies need extra medical care and attention. Some common health conditions that can add risks include:
- High blood pressure during pregnancy, which can lead to serious issues like preeclampsia (a condition involving high blood pressure and organ damage).
- High blood sugar levels (gestational diabetes) that can affect the baby’s growth and lead to delivery issues.
- Anemia, which is when the body doesn’t have enough healthy red blood cells, leaving both the mom and baby weak. This is very common among Indian mothers.
- Obesity, which increases the likelihood of other health problems like diabetes and complications during delivery.
By spotting these conditions early,high-risk pregnancy doctors can plan better care to keep moms and babies safe.
Why Are High-Risk Pregnancies Becoming More Common in India?
India faces specific challenges that make high-risk pregnancies more frequent. Here are some of the main reasons:
1.Health Problems in Mothers
Many women already have health issues, such as heart problems, thyroid disorders, or diabetes, before getting pregnant. These conditions make pregnancy more complicated.
2.Pregnancy at Extreme Ages
Women who get pregnant after age 35 or teens who become mothers are at higher risk. For older moms, the baby’s chances of genetic issues increase. Teenage mothers, on the other hand, may not have fully developed bodies to handle pregnancy safely.
3.Nutritional Deficiencies, Especially Anemia
Malnutrition and a lack of essential nutrients are common in India. Nearly half of pregnant Indian women suffer from anemia, which can lead to smaller babies, early births, or other difficulties.
4.No Access to Proper Care
Many families, especially in rural areas, don’t know how important regular doctor visits are during pregnancy. Without these check-ups, problems like diabetes or high blood pressure remain undetected.
5.Environmental and Lifestyle Factors
India’s growing urban areas come with high pollution, contaminated water, and long hours of sitting at work—all of which can lead to pregnancy complications. Add stress and a lack of exercise to the mix, and the risks grow even more.
Lesser-Known Factors That Add to the Risks
Some factors don’t get enough attention but play a big role in risky pregnancies. These include:
1.Mental Health Issues
Anxiety, depression, and constant stress can affect the baby’s growth and overall health. Unfortunately, mental health is rarely discussed during pregnancy.
2.Domestic Violence
Emotional or physical abuse during pregnancy is often a hidden issue, but it can have dangerous effects on both mom and baby.
3.Pollution and Contaminated Water
Unsafe air and water lead to long-term health problems that can increase pregnancy risks. For example, breathing in polluted air can cause early births.
4.Traditional Practices
While cultural traditions can bring comfort, some outdated practices can harm pregnancy outcomes. It’s important to rely on medical advice in such cases.
Challenges in Managing High-Risk Pregnancies in India
Handling high-risk pregnancies is difficult, and there are major obstacles in India:
1.Not Enough Experts
There aren’t many doctors specializing in high-risk pregnancies, especially in smaller cities and villages. This makes it hard for mothers to get the care they need.
2.Limited Access to Healthcare in Rural Areas
Many women in rural India live far from clinics or hospitals. Transportation problems, high costs, and a lack of trust in modern treatments stop them from getting care.
3.Gaps in Government Programs
Benefits from government maternal health schemes like free check-ups or cash aid don’t always reach the people who need them the most.
How We Can Make Pregnancies Safer?
The good news? High-risk pregnancies can often be managed well if we act early. Here’s how we can help:
1.Early Check-Ups and Regular Monitoring
Visiting a doctor as soon as you know you’re pregnant can catch problems in the first few months. This can save lives.
2.Better Nutrition and Supplements
Eating balanced meals and taking vitamins like folic acid, iron, and calcium can improve health for both the mom and baby. These nutrients prevent complications like anemia.
3.Mental Health Matters
Counseling and stress-reducing activities, like yoga, can help reduce emotional stress. A calm, happy mom contributes to a healthier baby.
4.Education Programs
Educating families, especially in villages, about pregnancy risks and the need for hospital births can make a huge difference.
5.Improving Access to Health Services
Government and private health services should work together to ensure that rural areas have mobile clinics, affordable care, and trained staff nearby.
What Experts Say?
According to Dr. Supriya Puranik, a (renowned high-risk pregnancy specialist in pune) interdisciplinary care is critical.
She explains, “We need a team of experts working together—doctors, nutritionists, and mental health counselors—to ensure safer outcomes. Awareness and acting early are key.”
Dr. Puranik also advises expectant mothers to watch for early signs of problems and to never ignore symptoms like persistent swelling, headaches, or reduced baby movement.
Common Questions About High-Risk Pregnancies
Q1. How do I know if I have a high-risk pregnancy?
Look for warning signs like severe nausea, dizziness, chest pain, or abnormal weight gain. Frequent doctor visits can diagnose risks early.
Q2. Are high-risk pregnancies treatable?
Yes! With the right care, most high-risk pregnancies can have safe outcomes.
Q3. What foods should I avoid?
It’s best to skip unwashed vegetables, raw fish, excessive caffeine, and sugary or fried foods.
Q4. Can mental stress harm my baby?
Yes, excessive stress can affect your baby’s development. That’s why managing mental health is vital during pregnancy.
Q5. Are there government schemes to help pregnant women?
Yes, programs like Janani Suraksha Yojana and Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana provide financial aid and healthcare resources.
A Final Thought
High-risk pregnancies can sound scary, but they don’t have to be. With the right steps—like early check-ups, proper nutrition, and access to healthcare—most risks can be managed and reduced.
If you or someone you know is expecting, be sure to stay informed and prioritize health. Early care can prevent many complications and ensure a safe and happy pregnancy.
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About Author
Dr. Supriya Puranik
Gynaecologist & IVF Specialist
Dr. Supriya Puranik, a renowned gynaecologist and infertility expert, leads the IVF & Gynaecology department at Sahyadri Hospitals Momstory in Shivaji Nagar, Pune. She is committed to helping couples overcome infertility challenges.
