Are IVF Pregnancies High Risk?
IVF (in-vitro fertilization) is a modern medical miracle. It has helped millions of people around the world become parents, especially when natural conception is challenging.
If you’re considering IVF or are pregnant through IVF, you might wonder—“Does this make my pregnancy high risk?”
The good news is that IVF pregnancies are usually safe, but like any pregnancy, they do carry some risks.
It’s just that IVF comes with a few extra considerations, and with the right care, most of these risks can be managed. Here’s a deeper look to help you feel informed and prepared.
What Makes IVF Pregnancies Different?
→What Exactly is IVF?
IVF is a process where eggs are fertilized by sperm in a lab. The fertilized egg (called an embryo) is then transferred into the uterus to try and create a pregnancy.
This process is often used by couples facing infertility, same-sex partners, or single parents-to-be. It has also opened doors for women over 35 or those with certain medical conditions to have biological children.
→Are IVF Pregnancies Risky?
An IVF pregnancy isn’t automatically high-risk. Most IVF pregnancies result in healthy babies, especially when handled with proper medical care and attention.
However, since IVF involves more planning, medical steps, and sometimes older or more complex cases, doctors keep a closer watch just to be safe.
Common Risks of IVF Pregnancies
Every pregnancy has risks, but IVF brings a few additional ones due to the treatments and processes involved.
→Multiple Pregnancies (Twins, Triplets, etc.)
IVF increases the likelihood of twins or triplets because of embryo transfer. While having multiples can sound exciting, it’s considered riskier than carrying a single baby.
Risks include preterm labor (babies born early), lower birth weights, and higher chances of complications for both mom and baby.
What You Can Do: Many doctors now encourage single embryo transfer (SET), where just one embryo is placed in the uterus. This helps reduce the risk of multiples while still giving you a good chance of success.
→Preterm Birth and Low Birth Weight
Babies born through IVF have a higher risk of being born early (before 37 weeks) or with lower-than-average birth weights. Sometimes, IVF pregnancies may also require scheduling an early delivery for health reasons.
How to Reduce the Risk:
Frequent doctor visits during pregnancy can catch any early warning signs of preterm labor. Staying as healthy as possible—through eating nutritious foods, getting enough rest, and following your doctor’s advice—plays a big role too.
→Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS)
OHSS happens when your ovaries react too strongly to the medications you take during IVF. It can cause bloating, nausea, and abdominal pain. Severe cases might mean temporary difficulty breathing or fluid buildup.
Steps to Prevent OHSS: Doctors closely monitor your response to medication and adjust dosages if needed. If OHSS does occur, treatments like hydration and rest can usually manage symptoms effectively.
Could IVF Pregnancy Affect the Baby’s Health?
→Birth Defects and Genetic Risks
There’s slightly higher risk of certain genetic issues or birth defects in IVF pregnancies, like heart defects or neural tube problems (such as spina bifida). However, the overall risk remains low, and most IVF babies are perfectly healthy.
What’s Helping?: Modern technologies like preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) screen embryos before transfer. Regular prenatal tests during pregnancy, like ultrasounds and blood work, also catch many issues early.
→Are IVF Babies Healthy in the Long Run?
Studies show that IVF children generally grow and develop just like any other child. Some early research raised concerns about long-term risks (like neurological challenges), but the majority of IVF kids live healthy, normal lives.
The Mother’s Health During IVF Pregnancy
→Physical Health Risks
Some pregnancy health risks may show up more often in IVF pregnancies, especially if the mother is older or has certain medical conditions. These might include:
- Gestational diabetes (high blood sugar during pregnancy).
- Preeclampsia (high blood pressure that can affect both mom and baby).
Doctors keep an eye out for these issues through regular checkups. Early treatment helps prevent serious complications.
→Emotional and Mental Health
IVF pregnancies can take an emotional toll. The stress of undergoing treatments, financial pressure, or fears about the pregnancy can lead to anxiety or depression.
How to Cope:
- Talk to someone you trust: Whether that’s your doctor, a friend, or a therapist.
- Join support groups: Talking to others who understand IVF can be reassuring.
- Set aside self-care time: Activities like journaling, meditation, or light exercise can help manage stress.
Factors Unique to IVF That Can Impact Risks
What increases or decreases the risks of an IVF pregnancy? A few key factors to consider are:
1. Age
Women over 35 often turn to IVF, but advanced age naturally increases risks like pregnancy complications or chromosomal issues.
2. Underlying Health Concerns
Conditions like obesity, PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome), diabetes, or high blood pressure can impact an IVF pregnancy.
3. Healthy Lifestyle Choices
Making healthy decisions matters even more in an IVF pregnancy. Eating nutritious foods, staying active, and avoiding smoking or alcohol can reduce pregnancy complications.
Advancements Making IVF Safer
IVF technology is constantly evolving. Here are a few advancements making pregnancies safer for parents and babies alike:
- Single Embryo Transfer (SET): Now widely practiced to reduce risks of twins or triplets.
- Preimplantation Genetic Testing: Screens embryos for inherited conditions before transfer.
- Frozen Embryo Transfers (FET): Studies show that FETs (where the embryo is frozen and then transferred later) can lead to safer pregnancies compared to fresh transfers.
Costs, Accessibility, and Support
→IVF Costs
IVF costs anywhere from Rs 90,000 to Rs 2,50,000 per cycle, and some people need more than one cycle to conceive. Insurance coverage varies by location and provider. Some states also offer partial coverage or programs to make treatment more affordable.
→Building a Support System
Going through IVF is easier when you have the right support. Consider connecting with:
- Fertility counselors for emotional help.
- Support groups, both online and in person.
- Family and friends who can cheer you on during the process.
FAQs About IVF Risks
1.Is IVF guaranteed to work?
No, success rates vary based on factors like age and medical history. Many people need 2–3 cycles for success, though some get pregnant on the first try.
2.Can IVF pregnancies be carried to term safely?
Yes, most IVF pregnancies lead to full-term, healthy births when properly managed.
3.What are the chances of miscarriage with IVF?
Miscarriage rates depend on age. For example, women under 35 have lower rates, while older women might face higher risks. However, good care minimizes complications.
Final Thoughts
Yes, IVF pregnancies have their unique risks, but with today’s medical advancements and attentive care, they’re safer than ever. By staying informed, working with a skilled medical team, and maintaining healthy habits, you can face your IVF pregnancy with confidence.
If you’re considering IVF or are already pregnant through IVF, remember—you’re not in this alone. Dr.Supriya Puranik is there to guide you every step of the way.
Feel ready to start your IVF journey? Don’t hesitate to reach out to a fertility specialist to discuss your options—they’ll help you make the best decision for you and your family!
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About Author
Dr. Supriya Puranik
Gynaecologist & IVF Specialist
Dr. Supriya Puranik, a renowned gynaecologist and infertility expert, leads the IVF & Gynaecology department at Sahyadri Hospitals Momstory in Shivaji Nagar, Pune. She is committed to helping couples overcome infertility challenges.
